The decision was to build the Kakhovka Hydro Electric Station, South Ukrainian and North Crimean canals. It was not until after World War II when the decision was adopted in September 1950 by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Government of the Soviet Union. The idea to construct the canal was raised in the 19th century, particularly by the Russian-Finnish botanist Christian von Steven. Through these, water is also supplied to the city of Simferopol. In Crimea, numerous smaller canals branch off the main channel, including the Razdolne rice canal, Azov rice canal, Krasnohvardiiske distribution canal, Uniting canal, and Saky canal. Water flows by gravity from Tavriisk to Dzhankoi, where it is elevated by four pump stations to a height of over 100 m (330 ft) to energize its continued downstream flow. Seven water reservoirs lie along the main canal – they are Mizhhirne, Feodosiiske, Frontove, Leninske, Samarlynske, Starokrymske and Stantsiine ( Kerchenske). From there, a pipeline carries water to supply the city of Kerch at the eastern extreme of the Crimean Peninsula. The canal begins at the city of Tavriisk, where it draws from the Kakhovka Reservoir fed by the Dnieper river, and runs for 402.6 km (250.2 mi) in a generally southeasterly direction, terminating at the small village of Zelnyi Yar ( Lenine Raion). Of the water from the canal, 72% went to agriculture and 10% to industry, while water for drinking and other public uses made up 18%. Russia restored the flow of water in March 2022 during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.Ī 2015 study found that the canal had been providing 85% of Crimea's water prior to the 2014 shutdown. Ukraine shut down the canal in 2014 soon after Russia annexed Crimea. The construction was conducted by the Komsomol members sent by the Komsomol travel ticket ( Komsomolskaya putyovka) as part of shock construction projects and accounted for some 10,000 volunteer workers.Ī dry part of the canal near Lenine, Kerch Peninsula, in July 2014 The main project works took place in three stages between 19. Preparation for construction began in 1957, soon after the transfer of Crimea to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1954. The canal has multiple branches throughout Kherson Oblast and Crimea, and is normally active from March until December. The North Crimean Canal ( Ukrainian: Північно-Кримський канал, romanized: Pivnichno-Krymskyi kanal, Russian: Северо-Крымский канал, romanized: Severo-Krymskii Kanal, in the Soviet Union: North Crimean Canal of the Lenin's Komsomol of Ukraine) is a land improvement canal for irrigation and watering of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine and the Crimean Peninsula.
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